ABSTRACT
The human resource management of organ donation coordinators in China is still in its infancy stage, plagued by such problems as unclear career orientation, poor management and unclear career planning. In March 2010, a tertiary public hospital was approved as a medical institution in a national pilot province for organ donation. In recent years, the hospital had kept exploring human resource management of coordinators and established a relatively complete management mode for organ donation coordinators. This mode featured the establishment of full-time recruitment positions, development of human resource management plans, refinement of job descriptions, establishment of performance evaluation plans, optimization of assessment and incentive mechanisms, and innovation of talent cultivation modes. The management practice had achieved certain results, ensuring the sustainable development of hospital organ donation operation, and providing a reference for the scientific and standardized development of organ donation and transplantation in China.
ABSTRACT
Adição ao Trabalho (AT) ou popularmente workaholism é caracterizada como uma compulsão ou uma necessidade intrínseca pelo trabalho, que não pode ser controlada e com efeitos negativos para dimensões de saúde, família e trabalho. A Bergen Work Addiction Scale (BWAS) é uma medida psicométrica atual, reduzida e aborda o componente emocional desta adição. Este estudo teve o objetivo de adaptar a BWAS ao contexto brasileiro para a língua portuguesa e testar a relação, explicativa da Adição ao Trabalho, com Carreira Proteana e Conflito Trabalho-Família. Participaram do estudo 340 pessoas, com idades variando entre 19 e 67 anos (média = 31,99), sendo a maioria mulheres. A escala adaptada apresentou bons índices de confiabilidade e índices de ajuste que atendem a evidência de estrutura interna baseada na a teoria de Adição ao Trabalho. Evidências externas moderadas entre BWAS e a Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS) corroboram a propriedade convergente da nova escala com o referido instrumento já disponível na literatura. O modelo de mediação indicou que a relação entre Orientação de Carreira Proteana e Conflito Trabalho-Família foi mediada pela Adição ao Trabalho. Discute-se aplicações teóricas da BWAS para o diagnóstico de aspectos de Adição ao Trabalho, bem como implicações do fenômeno para esfera de fenômenos da interação trabalho-família.
Work Addiction (WA), or popularly workaholism, is characterized as a compulsion or an intrinsic need for work, which cannot control and with adverse effects on health, family, and work dimensions. The Bergen Work Addiction Scale (BWAS) is a current, reduced psychometric measure that addresses this addiction's emotional component. This study aimed to adapt the BWAS to the Brazilian context for the Portuguese language and test the correlations with Protein Career and Work-Family Conflict. A total of 340 people participated in the study, aged between 19 and 67 years (mean = 31.99), most of them women. The adapted scale presented good reliability and fit indices that meet the evidence of internal structure based on the Work Addition theory. Moderate external evidence between BWAS and the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS) corroborates the convergent property of the new scale with the instrument available in the literature. Furthermore, the mediation model indicated that the relationship between Protein Career Orientation and Work-Family Conflict was mediated by Work Addiction. Theoretical applications of BWAS for the diagnostic of Work Addiction are discussed, as well as implications of the phenomenon for the sphere of work-family interaction.
La Adicción al Trabajo (AT) o popularmente la adicción al trabajo se caracteriza como una compulsión o una necesidad intrínseca de trabajar, que no se puede controlar y con efectos negativos en las dimensiones de salud, familia y trabajo. La Bergen Work Addiction Scale (BWAS) es una medida psicométrica reducida actual y aborda el componente emocional de esta adicción. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar el BWAS al contexto brasileño para la lengua portuguesa y probar la relación, explicativa de la Adicción al Trabajo, con la Carrera Proteana y el Conflicto Trabajo-Familia. Participaron en el estudio un total de 340 personas, con edades comprendidas entre 19 y 67 años (media = 31,99), la mayoría mujeres. La escala adaptada presentó buenos índices de confiabilidad e índices de ajuste que atienden la evidencia de estructura interna basada en la teoría de Adicción de Trabajo. Evidencia externa moderada entre BWAS y la Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS) corrobora la propiedad convergente de la nueva escala con el mencionado instrumento ya disponible en la literatura. El modelo de mediación indicó que la relación entre Orientación de Carrera Proteana y Conflicto Trabajo-Familia fue mediada por la Adicción al Trabajo. Se discuten las aplicaciones teóricas del BWAS para el diagnóstico de aspectos de la Adicción al Trabajo, así como las implicaciones del fenómeno para el ámbito de los fenómenos de interacción trabajo-familia.
ABSTRACT
La presente investigación exploró el diseño de programas de orientación vocacional para educación formal en el nivel secundario, para resolver la carencia de un programa de orientación vocacional efectivo y adecuado a las condiciones sociodemográficas de la población estudiantil. El objetivo fue desarrollar una síntesis crítica de la literatura científica relacionada a la orientación vocacional y profesional, mediante investigación aplicada a partir de la metodología de revisión sistemática. A partir del análisis, se concluyó que son acciones esenciales en los programas de orientación profesional para determinar altos niveles de calidad: ofrecer información sobre oferta académica y demanda laboral, desarrollar perfiles ocupacionales de las diferentes carreras, ofrecer información sobre intereses, aptitudes y preferencias, realizar entrenamiento en toma de decisiones, vincular al grupo de apoyo primario, proveer estrategias para el desarrollo de la autoeficacia y madurez vocacional, apoyarse en el uso de las TICs, proveer estrategias para la transición, priorizar el rol del orientador y los pares, establecer un proyecto o plan de vida, contar con un fundamento teórico y desarrollar evaluación constante de los programas. Con la intención de reducir la tasa de deserción universitaria y promover el desarrollo humano, se sugiere la aplicación de esos criterios en programas vocacionales desarrollados a largo plazo, durante las distintas etapas del ciclo de vida.
A presente investigação pesquisou a concepção de programas de orientação vocacional para a educação formal no nível secundario, visando resolver a carência de um programa de orientação vocacional efetivo e adequado às condições sociodemográficas da população estudantil. O objetivo foi desenvolver uma síntese crítica da literatura científica relacionada à orientação vocacional e profissional, mediante investigação aplicada a partir da metodologia de revisão sistemática. A partir da análise, concluiu-se que são ações essenciais nos programas de orientação profissional para determinar altos níveis de qualidade: oferecer informação sobre oferta acadêmica e demanda laboral, deenvolver perfis ocupacionais das diferentes carreiras, oferecer informação sobre interesses, aptidões e preferências, realizar treinamento em tomada de decisões, vincular-se ao grupo de apoio principal, prover estratégias para o desenvolvimento da autoeficácia e maturidade vocacional, apoiar-se no uso de TICs, prover estratégias para a transição, priorizar o papel do orientador e dos pares, estabelecer um projeto ou plano de vida, contar com um fundamento teórico e promover avaliação constante dos programas. Com a intenção de reduzir a taxa de evasão universitária e promover o desenvolvimento humano, sugere-se a aplicação desses critérios em programas vocacionais realizados a longo prazo, durante as distintas etapas do ciclo de vida.
The present investigation explores the design of vocational guidance programs for formal education at the secondary level, to address the lack of an effective vocational guidance program suited to the sociodemographic conditions of the student population. The objective was to develop a critical synthesis of the scientific literature related to vocational and professional orientation, through applied research based on the systematic review methodology. From the analysis, it was concluded that there are essential actions in professional orientation programs to determine high levels of quality: to offer information about academic supply and labor demand, to develop occupational profiles of different careers, to offer information on interests, aptitudes and preferences, carry out training in decision making, link to the primary support group, provide strategies for the development of self-efficacy and vocational maturity, support the use of ICTs, provide strategies for the transition, prioritize the role of mentor and peers, establish a project or life plan, counting on a theoretical foundation and developing a constant evaluation of the vocational programs, during the different stages of the life cycle.
Subject(s)
Universities , Vocational Guidance , Self Efficacy , Human DevelopmentABSTRACT
Objective@#To use the career anchor scale to understand the career development route preference of doctors, so as to provide a reference for their individual career planning and positioning, encourage them to realize their personal value, and provide scientific decision-making basis for hospital human resource management.@*Methods@#The career anchor scale was used and a career orientation scale was established. In June 2017, a group sampling survey was conducted among doctors at a university affiliated hospital in Zhejiang province, and 790 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire covered 40 items, with the self-report 6 subscale and the χ2 test used for comparison of rates.@*Results@#Eight types of career anchors were commonly distributed among doctors, among which the technical/functional anchor was the main career anchor, scoring 24.45±5.11 points. There was a correlation between doctors′ career anchors and their career orientations, among which the managerial career anchors scored the highest, with a correlation coefficient of 0.228.@*Conclusions@#The career anchor theory can be used to guide the career development of employees and establish a multi-career development ladder for doctors.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of personality characteristics and mental health of students on the career orientation.MethodsThe method of stratified random sampling was used in three universities of Jiangxi province.501 subjects of Arts,Science and Medical Science were tested with Holland career orientation test,symptom check list(SCL-90) and 16 personality factors(16PF).Structure validity analysis,analysis of variance and t -value test were employed with LISREL8.70 and SPSS13.0.Results ( 1 ) The proportion of students choosed the type of occupation were:social type 36％,management type 18％,conventional type 17％,reality type 14％,investigation type 9％,artistic type 6％ ; (2) Career orientation,personality characteristics and mental health had moderate effect on the career orientation.The correlation coefficients of personality characteristics and mental health to the vocational orientation were 0.63 and 0.44.The interaction correlation coefficient was 0.56.ConclusionPersonality characteristics and mental health of college students are important factors to the career orientation and decision-making of job seeking.The personality has stronger explanatory power than mental health.Great emphasis should be paid on both short-term psychological health of college students and long-term cultivation of healthy personality in the employment psychological guidance.